پاورپوینت آماده برگزاری کارگاه و تدریس اختلالات اسید و باز(Acid and base disorders) (pptx) 82 اسلاید

دسته بندی : پاورپوینت

نوع فایل : PowerPoint (.pptx) ( قابل ویرایش و آماده پرینت )

تعداد اسلاید: 82 اسلاید

قسمتی از متن PowerPoint (.pptx) :

IN THE NAME OF GOD Concept of Acid Base disturbance Acid Base parameter/Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs) Clinical Acid Base disorders Pathogenesis of Acid Base disorders Influence of Acid Base disorders Mixed Acid/Base disorders Acid Base disturbances The concept of Acid Base balance Acid-base balance refers to the mechanisms the body uses to keep its fluids close to neutral pH (that is, neither basic nor acidic) so that the body can function normally. Arterial blood pH is normally closely regulated to between 7.35 and 7.45. Acid Base balance acids？ bases？ Any ionic or molecular substance that can act as a proton donor. Strong acid：HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4. Weak acid：H2CO3, CH3COOH. Any ionic or molecular substance that can act as a proton acceptor. Strong alkali：NaOH, KOH. Weak alkali：NaHCO3, NH3, CH3COONa. Acids are being created constantly through metabolism Protein breakdown produces phosphoric acid Anaerobic respiration of glucose produces lactic acid Fat metabolism yields organic acids and ketone bodies Carbon dioxide is also an acid. Transporting CO2 as bicarbonate leads to a release of H+ (an acid) Buffers “Buffers are solutions which can resist changes in pH when acid or alkali is added.” Acids must be buffered, transported away from cells, and eliminated from the body.These are the most important buffers. Phosphate: important renal tubular buffer HPO4- + H+ H2PO4 Ammonia: important renal tubular buffer NH3 + H+ NH4+ Proteins: important intracellular and plasma buffers H+ + Hb HHb Bicarbonate: most important Extracellular buffer and is also another important renal tubular buffer. H2O + CO2 H2CO3 H+ + HCO3 - BUFFERING SYSTEMS BUFFERS USED BY THE BUFFERING SYSTEMS