پاورپوینت اپيدميولوژي و كليات ديابت (pptx) 52 اسلاید

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اپيدميولوژي و كليات ديابت Diabetes: A significant threat to public health WHO has described diabetes as a “a silent epidemic”1 Trends revealed over the 1995-2025 period2: Adult population will rise by 64% Accompanied by rise in diabetes prevalence of 35% and increase in number of cases by 122% Major impact will be in developing countries: 1995: 62% of people with diabetes lived in developing countries (84 million cases) 2025: 75% of people with diabetes will be living in developing countries (228 million cases) Estimated loss of 5-10 years in life expectancy for patients aged over 403 1. Diabetes mellitus: Report of a WHO study group. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1985 (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 727). 2. King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes 1995–2025: prevalence, numerical estimates and projections. Diabetes care, 1998, 21:1414–31. 3. Dobrossy L ed. Prevention in primary care: recommendations for promoting good practice. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe, 1995. (EUR/ ICP/CIND 94 01/PB01). جدول بندي سبب شناختي ديابت نوع 2 جدول 1) 1- ديابت نوع 1 الف) با مداخله سيستم ايمني ب) ايديوپاتيك 2- ديابت نوع 3- علت هاي ديگر الف) اختلال ژنيتيكي سلول هاي بتا ب) اختلال ژنيتيكي در عمل انسولين ج) بيماريهاي لوزالمعده د) بيماريهاي غدد درون ريز ه) به علت دارو يا مواد شيميايي و) عفونت ها ز) انواع نادر تر همراه با بيماريهاي ژنيتيكي يا اشكال ايمني بدن 4- ديابت آبستني (GDM) The History of Diabetes 5 Ebers papyrus (1550 BC): referred to symptoms Hipocratic physicians (460-370 BC): do not have a description of diabetes Celsus (roman, 25 BC-50 AD): Described a disease with polyuria and lack of pain, but weakness, the fluid output greater than fluid intake. Aretaeos (81-96 AD): The first description; melting down of the flesh and limbs into urine; life is short, disgusting and painful. Galen (130-200 AD): described DM as a “weakness of the kidneys”, “Diarrhea of the urine” and “causing thirst” Rhazes= Al-Razi (860-932 AD): described diabetes mellitus Avicenna (980-1037)(Princeps Doctorum) Al-Qanon: * Standard description of diabetes mellitus: Abnormal appetite Breakdown of sexual function Diabetic gangrene Sweet taste of diabetic urine * Excellent description of therapeutic measures for: Hypoglycemic coma Bulimia Abnormal appetite * Beginner of clinical trials Medvel VC. The Hisoty of Clinical Endocrinology. Parthenon Pub, New York 1993; p 46. Nabipour I. Clinical Endocrinology in Islamic Civilization in Iran. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2003; 1: 43 Sajadi MM et al. Ann Intern Med 2009; 150: 640 6 The Road to Insulin 7 Works by Thomas Willis, Mathew Dobson, thomas Cawley, John Rollo, Benedict, Adolph kussmaul, Claude Bernard, Moritz Shiff, Apollinaire, Bouchardat, … in 17-19th centrury. Joseph von Mering, Oscar Minkowski, Hedon, Langerhans, Jean de Meyer (1889-1910): Pancreatic diabetes Elliott P. Joslin (1986-1962): Clinical diabetes. Nobel prize for the discovery of insulin: Banting and Macleod (Best & collip). The team approach of diabetes & modern endocrinology. 13.0 17.5 35% 12.4 22.5 81% 22.0 32.9 50% 0.9 1.3 44% 7.3 14.1 93% World 1995 = 118 million 2010 = 221 million (Increase 87% ) 2025=300 million (Americas 13.8-42.8, Eastern Med. 13.8-42.8) 62.8 132.3 111% Diabetes: A Worldwide EpidemicGlobal Projections 1995-2010